URBAN ENVIRONMENT OF THE EMPIRE: EVERYDAY LIFE OF THE GOLDEN HORDE CITIES

Abstract

This article discusses issues and problems related to the study of the history of everyday culture of the Golden Horde. The poorly illuminated range of problems associated with its study, in the authors’ opinion, complements the fictitious idea of the territory of Western Kazakhstan as a kind of desert landscape, where all changes and events occurred only under the influence of external circumstances. Such a view only contributes to the development of narrowly focused themes and trends, but does not help to reconstruct the broad background of the historical canvas. Being the heir of the Golden Horde, the Kazakh Khanate was largely formed on the basis of existing customs and traditions, and therefore this topic is relevant, especially in the era of globalism with its erasure of national boundaries, including mental ones.