INVESTIGATION OF THE PSYCHOEMOTIONAL STATUS OF 5-7 YEAR OLD CHILDREN WITH VISUAL IMPAIRMENTS (AMBLYOPIA AND STRABISMUS)

Abstract

The emotional status of a child is an integral indicator of his psychological health, adequate emotional reactions, and socialization. As is known, such a form of visual impairment as strabismus and amblyopia can cause emotional instability, anxiety, and problems of social maladaptation. Diagnosis of the psychoemotional status of a visually impaired child allows you to determine the tasks, content and orientation of individual and personal assistance to a child in overcoming existing problems. The aim of the study is to analyze and evaluate the psychoemotional status of 5-7–year-old children with visual impairments (amblyopia and strabismus). Research methods. Theoretical: analysis, generalization, systematization; empirical: testing, self-assessment, observation, conversation, methods of quantitative and qualitative data processing. 75 children aged 5-7 years with visual impairments (amblyopia and strabismus) participated in the study conducted in pre-school institutions in Belgorod. In children with amblyopia and strabismus, visual defects lead to the appearance of socially conditioned disorders, a decrease in psychoemotional status. The study revealed that more than 1/3 of visually impaired children have problems interacting with peers, deficiencies in the integrity of understanding emotional experiences, behavior stereotypes that are not adequate to the existing situation, and the level of psychoemotional status is significantly reduced. It was found that the identified problems and deficits of psychoemotional status require new pedagogical approaches to ensuring psychoemotional well-being, positive socialization of preschoolers with visual impairments.