SCREENING OF SALINITY TOLERANT (NACl) SOYBEAN VARIETIES IN GREENHOUSE CONDITIONS

Abstract

Soil salinization is a serious problem in agriculture nowadays. It is known that approximately 62 million hectares or 20% of the world's irrigated land are affected by salinity. In Kazakhstan, saline soils are concentrated in the Kyzylorda, Mangistau, and Almaty regions. An excess amount of salt in soils reduces crop yields. The absorption of large amounts of salts by plants inhibits their physiological and biochemical processes. The article presents the results of grown in soil and hydroponics soybean (Glycine max L.) varieties screening. The study was carried out on 14-day-old seedlings of domestic soybean varieties. Seedlings were evaluated for resistance by the reaction to the addition of NaCl to the growth medium. The assessment was carried out according to the "leaf scorch score", as one of the indicators, soybean leaves get when affected by salinity. Salt-tolerant varieties had a leaf scorch index ≤ 3. Plants were salt-stressed during the second and third ternate leaves appearing growth period. When comparing the two used methods, results correlate in terms of the leaf scorch scores. When analyzing salt tolerance, 3 out of 10 analyzed varieties were tolerant.